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With the continuous upgrade of low-altitude security needs, the power amplifiers in anti-drone systems have shown three development trends:
"High efficiency": Through the technological iteration of third-generation semiconductor materials (such as Gallium Nitride, GaN), the power output is increased while reducing energy consumption. For example, the next-generation FQPA series products currently under development by Fengqing Instruments will increase the energy efficiency ratio from the current 45% to more than 60%, making them suitable for low-power scenarios such as vehicle-mounted and individual portable applications.
"Wide frequency band": Supporting the simultaneous amplification of signals in multiple frequency bands such as 2.4GHz, 5.8GHz, GNSS (1.1GHz/1.5GHz), and drone image transmission (5.1-5.9GHz), the frequency band coverage width of a single module will exceed 10GHz to cope with the mixed threats of multiple types of drones.
"Intelligence": Integrating power adaptive adjustment algorithms and AI threat identification models, it can automatically adjust the output power and jamming frequency band according to the drone's distance, signal strength, and flight speed fed back by the detection module, realizing "on-demand countermeasures". In the future, it will also support the collaborative networking of multiple modules to form a regional anti-drone protection network.
In the future, the competition in anti-drone systems will gradually focus on the performance of the core components of the countermeasure module. The technological breakthroughs of power amplifiers will directly drive the upgrade of anti-drone systems from "broad-spectrum jamming" to "precision prevention and control" and from "fixed deployment" to "mobile protection". Enterprises such as Fengqing Instruments, through the continuous iteration of the FQPA series power amplifiers, have built a solid technical barrier for the safe development of the low-altitude economy and helped construct a low-altitude security system featuring "air-ground integration and intelligent prevention and control".
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Anti-Drone System Overview
An anti-drone system is not a single device, but a complex ecosystem that operates in coordination with three core modules: detection and identification, countermeasure and suppression, and decision-making and command. Together, these three modules form an "all-chain barrier" for low-altitude security protection.
Detection and Identification Module
The detection and identification module serves as the "eyes and ears" of the system. It achieves accurate positioning and identity confirmation of drones through three major technical approaches: Radio Frequency (RF) detection, radar detection, and Electro-Optical/Infrared (EO/IR) detection. Specifically, RF detection locks onto targets by monitoring the remote control and image transmission signals of drones; radar detection optimizes algorithms for low-speed, small radar cross-section targets to achieve all-weather multi-target tracking; and EO/IR detection combines visible light and infrared imaging to complete visual verification in both day and night scenarios. The data from these three approaches complement each other, significantly reducing the risk of misjudgment.
Decision-Making and Command Module
The decision-making and command module acts as the "brain" of the system. It integrates multi-source detection information relying on data fusion technology, and then uses artificial intelligence algorithms to analyze the flight trajectory and behavior patterns of drones, and automatically assesses the threat level. For instance, the system can identify whether a drone is hovering in a no-fly zone or has an abnormal flight trajectory. Based on the preset security strategies, it then automatically triggers countermeasure commands, realizing the automated connection from "detection to disposal".
Countermeasure and Suppression Module
The countermeasure and suppression module is the "offensive and defensive weapon" of the system, undertaking the final disposal task of threatening drones. It mainly consists of two technical directions: electronic jamming and radio hijacking/spoofing. The power amplifier is precisely the "power core" of this module - its performance directly determines the coverage range, penetration capability, and jamming stability of countermeasure signals, and has become a key variable affecting the actual combat effectiveness of anti-drone systems.