Dismantling the Architecture of Anti-Drone Systems: Three Modules Build a "Detection - Identification - Countermeasure"

An anti-drone system is not a single device, but a complex ecosystem that operates in coordination with three core modules: detection and identification, countermeasure and suppression, and decision-making and command. Together, these three modules form an "all-chain barrier" for low-altitude security protection.

The detection and identification module serves as the "eyes and ears" of the system. It achieves accurate positioning and identity confirmation of drones through three major technical approaches: Radio Frequency (RF) detection, radar detection, and Electro-Optical/Infrared (EO/IR) detection. Specifically, RF detection locks onto targets by monitoring the remote control and image transmission signals of drones; radar detection optimizes algorithms for low-speed, small radar cross-section targets to achieve all-weather multi-target tracking; and EO/IR detection combines visible light and infrared imaging to complete visual verification in both day and night scenarios. The data from these three approaches complement each other, significantly reducing the risk of misjudgment.

The decision-making and command module acts as the "brain" of the system. It integrates multi-source detection information relying on data fusion technology, and then uses artificial intelligence algorithms to analyze the flight trajectory and behavior patterns of drones, and automatically assesses the threat level. For instance, the system can identify whether a drone is hovering in a no-fly zone or has an abnormal flight trajectory. Based on the preset security strategies, it then automatically triggers countermeasure commands, realizing the automated connection from "detection to disposal".

The countermeasure and suppression module is the "offensive and defensive weapon" of the system, undertaking the final disposal task of threatening drones. It mainly consists of two technical directions: electronic jamming and radio hijacking/spoofing. The power amplifier is precisely the "power core" of this module - its performance directly determines the coverage range, penetration capability, and jamming stability of countermeasure signals, and has become a key variable affecting the actual combat effectiveness of anti-drone systems.